Difference between revisions of "Darwin2049/ChatGPT4/PhaseShift01"

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* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Geostrategic Imperatives.</SPAN> ''''' The national interest security community has forcefully sounded the alarm about the existential importance of seizing the scientific and technological high ground in the area of quantum computing and artificial intelligence. Going forward the race will escalate between the US and the PRC. Calls to slow or pause advances in deep learning systems will be dismissed as suicidality naïve and shortsighted.
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Geostrategic Imperatives.</SPAN> ''''' The national interest security community has forcefully sounded the alarm about the existential importance of seizing the scientific and technological high ground in the area of quantum computing and artificial intelligence. Going forward the race will escalate between the US and the PRC. Calls to slow or pause advances in deep learning systems will be dismissed as suicidality naïve and shortsighted.
[[File:QU-BIT02.jpeg|300px|right|Quantum computing elements]]
[[File:QU-BIT02.jpeg|300px|right|Quantum computing elements]]
'''''<Span Style="COLOR:BLUE; BACKGROUND:SILVER">Phase Shift: Gas, Liquid, Solid.</SPAN>''''' Classical physics describes how states of matter possess different properties depending upon their energy state and environment. <BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">It is undetectable</SPAN> ''''' At sea level we experience the atmosphere as an odorless, colorless, tasteless gas.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">No, it is wet. </SPAN> ''''' At the same location the freezing point of water if 32F. We are unaware of the fact that we inhale and exhale atmospheric gas.  Lower the ambient temperature to below the freezing point and something that is difficult if not impossible detect condenses into a clear liquid with properties that are absent in the gaseous state.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">No, it is solid.</SPAN> '''''  The previous gaseous or liquid states of water vapor do not prepare us to see solid objects made from this same material. This proves that a prior state of knowledge may offer no insight for encountering a subsequent states.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Dual Use.</SPAN> ''''' This means that little or no time for reflection as to whether should be pursued. <BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Unintended Consequences.</SPAN> ''''' This implies that we will enable possibilities that were not envisioned. Little or no time will be required to identify promising pathways forward when trying to solve difficult problems. Meanwhile, the pace is increasing. <BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Warp Speed.</SPAN> '''''  Informed observers of OpenAI have reported that Chat GPT4 required roughly ninety to one hundred days of train time using 25000 high end Nvidia A100 GPU devices. As of this writing (December 2023) faster H100 GPU devices will halve the number of devices needed and the time required to perform the same training.<BR />
[[File:HadamardSphere.png|300px|right|Hadamard Sphere]]
[[File:IBMQUANTUM2.jpg|right|300px|Exponential Computational Capabilities]]
[[File:IBMQ03.jpg|right|300px|IBM Quantum Computing Timeline]]
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Instant Results. </SPAN>'''''Quantum systems will collapse to minutes or less. This is because the time to validate a new concept, process or idea can be done almost instantly. What recently required weeks and months of 24/7 run time can now be performed in seconds or even instantly. New functionality and capability might have been regarded as “possible but over the horizon” might now become possible instantly. <BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Risks.</SPAN>''''' Therefore with the ability to conceptualize a solution approach to a problem to seeing that problem’s solution instantly available leaves no margin of time to assess risk. <BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Therefore.</SPAN>''''' ChatGPT4 allows the user to perform fine tuning for their specific purposes. This suggests that we may see an entirely new ecology arise in very short periods of time. It may be liken transitioning from submitting batch jobs on decks of punched cards to ultra high resolution virtual reality in one step. The upshot will be that problem that no one has yet even imagined will become soluble in breathtakingly short periods of time. By way of imagining just a few:<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Cambrian Explosion. '''''The genie is already out of the bottle. Attempts to reign it back in will prove to be futile. An explosion is likely to result that will defy the best efforts to control or regulate. Therefore we might expect to see a proliferation comparable to that of earlier eras in he development of life on earth.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Ecology.</SPAN> '''''This technology is essentially unregulated. The US Administration has proposed actions. However these may or may not get implemented any time soon. Widespread availability of deep learning and related technology absent meaningful regulation practically insures that a new ecological environment will emerge. At one end will be government sponsored research facilities and contractors. At the other end of the spectrum we may see the emergence of "one man and his dog" outfits that provide highly specialized niche products or services. An entire new ecology may gradually crystallize as a result. The electronic nature and the instant nature of worldwide connectedness may show a reiteration of evolutionary pressures that will morph at speeds far beyond the evolution of software.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">The Emerging Clerisy.</SPAN> '''''Two opposing schools of thought have emerged centering around the dangers that an artificial intelligence system might exhibit. A December 7th, 1941 type event against the US by a rival or adversary would instantly tip the balance in favor of no holds barred efforts to advance all possible variations of artificial intelligence systems.<BR />
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Orthodoxy.</SPAN>''''' For purposes of discussion we describe the first group’s stance as the Orthodoxy. It’s stance is that ongoing developments represent can unwittingly introduce unacceptable risk. <BR />
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Heterodoxy.</SPAN>''''' This group’s position is that possession of advanced artificial intelligence capabilities by a rival or hostile adversary represents an existential threat and must be avoided at all costs.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Why.</SPAN>''''' Because a number of quantum algorithms promise to upend existing processes or safeguards.<BR />For purposes of being concrete consider just a few algorithms.
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Deutch.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Shor's Algorithm''''' Is a powerful  tool for factoring extremely large prime numbers. Quantum computers can collapse the time and effort required to factor large prime numbers. With the ability to factor large prime numbers it becomes possible to crack RSA encryption. <BR />This means that all existing encryption methods in use today will instantly become transparent and useless. An adversary or malicious agent would be able to instantly decrypt and decode any message that had been encrypted using the best encryption methods available to date. The result will be that new forms of encryption will become mandatory. These might arise from the use of quantum encryption that can detect a "man in the middle" attack.
***'''''[https://kaustubhrakhade.medium.com/shors-factoring-algorithm-94a0796a13b1 Explained Simply.]'''''
***'''''[https://scottaaronson.blog/?p=208 Using simple mathematics.]'''''
***'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoKIWrpan6M&ab_channel=QuTechAcademy Shor’s Algorithm – illustrated.]'''''
***'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoKIWrpan6M&ab_channel=QuTechAcademy Step by step.]'''''
***'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePr2MgQkqL0 Grover’s Algorithm.]''''' This algorithm was developed in 1996 by Lov Grover. It leverages quantum computing to collapse the amount of time needed to perform a search of N unordered elements. <BR />Note that a crucial factor is that in performing the search for a specific element that meets a set of desired criteria, any evaluation of an element in the set yields no information about which other element in the set of N elements might help determine the desired one.
<BR /><BR />
'''''<Span Style="COLOR:BLUE; BACKGROUND:SILVER">Quantum Mechanics.</SPAN>''''' The brief items that follow are deliberately kept brief because a discussion of the mathematics and physics underpinning quantum computing is beyond the scope of this discussion. This is because the topic area obliged a deep understanding and conversance with very advanced mathematics and physics. <BR />
Quantum computing mechanisms due to their inherent nature are capable of solving problems that are beyond any current or foreseeable classical computing architecture. <BR />
There are various reasons why this is the case. Quantum computing as the name suggests is grounded in the quantum world. Understanding quantum physics requires the most advanced grounding in physics and mathematics. Therefore we provide only a cursory introduction to some of the more basic elements. Additional definitions can be found via the link at the end of this page. <BR />
Advanced mathematics is advised for those wishing to further understand the crucial elements of entanglement, coherence, vector spaces or quantum algorithms.<BR />
What can be said currently however is that this new computational environment will make possible solution to currently intractable problems soluble within acceptable time frames. The ability to do so will invariably carry with it great promise but also great risk. <BR />
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Superposition.<SPAN />''''' Quantum computers are capable of performing calculations that are beyond the scope of classical computing devices. This arises from the quantum reality of superposition. This means that an object at the quantum level has two factors that can be measured: momentum and location. At any instant a quantum system can be in all possible definable states. The act of attempting a measurement will result in the collapse of this superposition state and result in returning a specific value. But this also means that only one factor can be known at the moment of measurement EITHER the position of the object or its momentum - but not both. This arises due to the Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle.<BR />
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Entanglement.<SPAN />''''' Two electrons can have an entangled state. This means that if one electron is in one state, such as up spin then by definition the entangled electron of the pair will automatically have a down spin state. The two electrons can be removed to an arbitrary distance from each other. However examination of one of the pair will automatically reveal the state of the other. '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkAAbXPEAtU This short explanation]<SPAN />''''' captures the basics of entanglement.
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Coherence/Decoherence.<SPAN />''''' A crucial factor that conditions the utility of a device operating at the quantum level is noise. Any kind of noise from heat, vibration or cosmic rays can disrupt the extremely delicate processes at the quantum level. Therefore when numbers are presented they are often not well differentiated into qubits that can perform useful computations relative to those that do not. A strategy for dealing with this problem has been to use large numbers of qubits as an error correcting means. Therefore when a quantum device is said to consist of over a thousand qubits then in fact it might have to use 90% of them just for maintaining quantum coherence and entanglement. In order to get meaningful results these quantum states must be maintained for the duration of the calculation. But at these levels and using this means the result is that calculations happen at scales far beyond merely electronic or even photonic speed but due to quantum realities multiple evaluations can happen in parallel. The result has been the dramatic speed up numbers that have recently been reported in various research labs and corporations. Therefore a quantum computer that is claiming to have one hundred or more coherent qubit capability means that they can outperform classical computers by very wide margins.<BR />
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Wave-Particle Duality.<SPAN />'''''
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Uncertainty_principle Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle].<SPAN />''''' Werner Heisenberg was the developer of the now famous [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7gXgHgQGhw Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle] and won the Nobel prize for his discovery in 1927. His principle essentially stated that at the micro level of reality (i.e. atomic or subatomic) one can only measure the position OR the momentum of a particle. But because of the particle/wave duality nature of all matter it is impossible to measure both. Should we attempt to pinpoint the location of a particle we might discover its precise point at a specific moment in time but we can NOT know its momentum. Conversely we might measure its momentum or energy state but we can NOT know its position. The reality of the world at the quantum level is inherently counterintuitive. However innumerable physics experiments have demonstrated beyond doubt that this is the reality in which all material objects exist.
The interested observer can find a number of useful references addressing the '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">topics of quantum bits, entanglement and superposition <SPAN />'''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">[https://quantumtech.blog/2021/11/14/quantum-superposition-and-entanglement/ The Quantum Leap]<SPAN> '''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">[https://vincentlauzon.com/2018/03/21/quantum-computing-how-does-it-scale/ QuBits and Scaling]<SPAN> '''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">[https://quantumtech.blog/2021/12/05/qubits-a-primer/ Some very useful basics]</SPAN>'''''
In some cases they will prove to be fairly technical.<BR />
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When new knowledge can be incorporated into a quantum based deep learning system on almost a moment’s notice then it suggests that the incorporation of new knowledge on any topic can be almost instantly brought to bear on any problem. <BR />
Chat GPT4 allows the user to perform fine tuning for their specific purposes. This suggests that we may see an entirely new ecology arise in very short periods of time. It may be liken transitioning from submitting batch jobs on decks of punched cards to ultra high resolution virtual reality in one step. <BR />
The upshot will be that problem that no one has yet even imagined will become soluble in breathtakingly short periods of time. <BR />
Working from the premise that new knowledge can be rapidly incorporated into a deep learning system and then fine tuned to specific needs suggests that the entire landscape as it is now known is about to undergo a dramatic shift. By way of a leap of imagination we might see a number of out of date notions reincarnate themselves. By way of imagining just a few:
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Cambrian Explosion.</SPAN>''''' The genie is already out of the bottle. Attempts to reign it back in will prove to be futile. An explosion is likely to result that will defy the best efforts to control or regulate. Therefore we might expect to see a proliferation comparable to that of earlier eras in he development of life on earth. 
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Perpetually Morphing Ecology.</SPAN>''''' Widespread availability of deep learning and related technology may well lead to the development of an entirely new ecology. At one end will be government sponsored research facilities and contractors. At the other end of the spectrum we may see the emergence of "one man and his dog" outfits that provide highly specialized niche products or services. An entire new ecology may gradually crystallize as a result. The electronic nature and the instant nature of world wide connectedness may show a reiteration of evolutionary pressures that will morph at speeds far beyond the evolution of software.
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Clerisy.</SPAN>''''' As of 2023 two poles of thought have begun to consolidate their positions on the risks associated with the continued development of advanced artificial intelligence. There is one group that has expressed sentiment that ranges from caution to panic regarding its continued development. The other group has urged focus on the risks of a rival or adversary making advances. In each case the risks are presented as existential.<BR /><BR />
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* '''''<Span Style="COLOR:BLUE; BACKGROUND:SILVER">Quantum Mechanics.</SPAN>''''' The brief items that follow are deliberately kept brief because a discussion of the mathematics and physics underpinning quantum computing is beyond the scope of this discussion. This is because the topic area obliged a deep understanding and conversance with very advanced mathematics and physics.
Quantum computing mechanisms due to their inherent nature are capable of solving problems that are beyond any current or foreseeable classical computing architecture. <BR />
There are various reasons why this is the case. Quantum computing as the name suggests is grounded in the quantum world. Understanding quantum physics requires the most advanced grounding in physics and mathematics. Therefore we provide only a cursory introduction to some of the more basic elements. Additional definitions can be found via the link at the end of this page. <BR />
Advanced mathematics is advised for those wishing to further understand the crucial elements of entanglement, coherence, vector spaces or quantum algorithms.<BR />
What can be said currently however is that this new computational environment will make possible solution to currently intractable problems soluble within acceptable time frames. The ability to do so will invariably carry with it great promise but also great risk. <BR />
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A further crucial element to take into consideration is when specific numbers of qubits are mentioned. The crucial element with this topic is how many qubits are being used for useful computation relative to the number of qubits needed for error correction. The numbers often suggested seem to indicate that there is a ten-to-one or even one hundred-to-one relationship between error correcting qubits to computationally useful qubits. Therefore a quantum computer with one hundred useful qubits might actually be operating with ten thousand or even one hundred thousand error correcting qubits.<BR /><BR />
'''''IBM, Google, D-Wave''''' have published reports that offer explicit timelines and project goals for their respective quantum computing objectives.<BR /><BR />
What has already been made very clear is that even with the very limited quantum computing capabilities currently available, these systems prove themselves to be orders of magnitude faster in solving difficult problems than even the most powerful classical supercomputer ensembles.<BR /><BR />
Stepping into the near term future then we might think it reasonable to believe that the computing world will look much like it does today. But this would be an incorrect assumption. The advent of widespread quantum computing will represent a before/after event in human history.<BR /><BR />
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As quantum computing becomes more prevalent the field of deep learning will take another leap forward which will put those who possess it at an incalculable advantage. Should it become possible to train using large to extremely large data sets in minutes or even possibly in seconds then the reality of quantum computing of deep learning systems will take a revolutionary step forward. Combinations of knowledge could be incorporated almost instantly. This would change the entire complexion of how difficult to intractable problems become soluble.<BR /><BR />
The central problem in recent developments stems from the human inability to process rapid nonlinear change. Change that happens in a relatively linear fashion and at a slow pace enables most people to adapt. However change that happens geometrically as with recent deep learning systems is much more difficult to incorporate.
'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Cognitive prosthetic based quantum systems will completely eclipse current incarnations of all existing CG4 based systems5:</SPAN>''''' Quantum computing devices are already demonstrating their ability to solve problems in seconds or minutes that classical von Neuman computing machines require decades, centuries or even millennia to solve. The departure from classical computing using collections of zero or one binary digits is severely limited when compared to how logic can be represented using quantum bits (qubits). With qubits large numbers of simultaneous true/false states can exist simultaneously. This is inherent within the realities of quantum mechanics. The interested observer is advised to pursue a more in depth study of the subject of quantum mechanics, entanglement, uncertainty, particle/wave duality as well as the other fundamental features that are known to operate at the quantum level.
[[File:BlochSphere00.png|300px|right|Bloch Sphere]][[File:QU-BIT04.jpg|300px|left|Binary vs. Quantum Logic]]
Note that with binary logic there are only two possible definite values possible: zero or one, true or false. With quantum reality there are innumerable states in between that describe what a possible outcome can result in.<BR /><BR />
A brief glance at a '''''Bloch Sphere''''' makes a bit more clear that there are innumerable possible states between zero and one, true or false. These specific states are described by two complex numbers. <BR /><BR />Further they are described as residing within a unit sphere. This means that the unit sphere can be rotated on either of either the '''''x-axis''''' or the '''''y-axis'''''. In each case the ultimate value obtained will reside somewhere between zero and one. Recall that in each case the axis along either axis is described as being a complex number.
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In a prior era a similar development centered around the Christian church. There were in fact several occurrences of there being a schism between one school of thought and others. Early Christian theology found itself grappling with questions of the Deity and how there could be three different divine yet mortal incarnations of the one God. The Father, Son and Holy Ghost. Another thorny issue related to the question of Transubstantion and its role in the liturgy.
**Council of Nicaea. During the Council of Nicaea these questions were argued vehemently and at length. Ultimately Justinian forced the issue and a consensus was arrived at.
**The Reformation. Martin Luther sparked a revolution in religious thought with his questions that he famously nailed on the door to the cathedral. What the common people knew and were experiencing were summarized in his petition. The results were a firestorm that has echoed and reverberated across the centuries.
**The Pope in Avignon. Political motivations fanned the flames of Papal legitimacy when the French declared that their Pope was the one true legitimate Pope and that the one in Rome was a fraud.
**The Counter Reformation. Alternative interpretations of the Biblical Canon led to the development of unorthodox ways of interpreting the positions found in Biblical texts. Political underpinning insured that these alternative interpretations would consolidate and persist to our time.
*Creedal Legitimacy. The two schools of thought regarding how to press forward with deep learning systems may in many ways echo these early attempts at arriving at an acceptable path forward when dealing with this powerful new technology. <BR /><BR />
Whereas these first religious wars spanned centuries to play out we should expect to see similar attempts at resolution to happen at warp speed. This assertion is predicated upon the fact that quantum computing based artificial intelligence will enable the materialization of "facts on the ground" that support variously the one camp, ten by turns the other camp. Therefore we might see this happen in record time as the questions of safety are resolved... or deferred.<BR /><BR />
This process may well show representatives from both schools of thought taking on the traits and characteristics of those seen in the past. For instance in the Christian world a foundational document served the purpose of being the source from which all discussion and dispute arose. This was the Christian Bible. In this newer incarnation we might expect to see comparable foundational documents become the basis for recognizing issues and resolving disputes. <BR /><BR /> In each case there will be leading voices. There will also be "chorus sections" that echo the central positions of each camp. We might also expect that there will be outlier actors who espouse some but possibly not all of the positions of a school of thought and may act as maverick-type voices. They might be likened to the emergence of the cardinal class from the bishopric class.<BR />
have already congealed about the efficacy or risks associated with deep learning technology. Existing proponents of either school of thought may find themselves jostled as the technology grains traction and entirely new capabilities come to the fore. The result may resemble the emergence of philosophical belief systems whose central tenets focused on how to position these new capabilities within the social fabric. The process may resemble that of the development of religious thought during prior millennia. The quantum computing substrate upon which new ideas and value sets can emerge means that this development can happen at a pace never seen before.
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Spirits.</SPAN>'''''  A meme that regularly surfaces is the speculation that a so-called artificial general intelligence-type capability may be momentarily upon us. This capability has been characterized as a disembodied overarching intelligence capable of answering any question that humans can pose to it. In prior times this kind of capability might have been labeled as a deity or some kind of god-like being. The reality is that the potential risks are in fact real - within limits. This is because of the ability to enable such a cognitive prosthetic connection to various forms of fabrication systems or manufacturing centers can result in the creation of novel materials, chemicals or other biological constructions of which few or no humans might even be aware of. Wikipedia might be considered a forerunner to what eventually might come to be called  '''''spirits'''''. Currently knowledge sources such as Wikipedia has experienced a number of claims and assertions regarding the validity of its sources and the political/sentiment biases of various of its entries. A '''''spirit''''' might come to evolve into a specialized source of knowledge that grows organically with use. It might be accessible using basic human communications skills such as speech or similar symbolic representations, e.g. imagery, video, various combinations. As these gain acceptance we might see them developing followings and adherents. Should such a pathway forward become accepted then we may see the emergence of specialists comparable to clerics from earlier times such as imams, rabbis, bishops and cardinals.
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Oracles.</SPAN>''''' In the classical Greek worldview the deity Apollo used a woman known as the Oracle to provide insights and predictions. The oracle received local visitors as well as those from far away. They would pose questions to her on a variety of issues from personal to questions of diplomacy and war. Her pronouncements were often couched as riddles for the questioner to decipher. Current users of CG4 issue queries to it on all manner of topics. More recently the art and science of formulating queries has refined with the advent of what are known as super prompts. These super prompts are constructed as a series of qualifications and refinements. The result is that the output from CG4 can be substantially more useful, well structured and focused than a simple prompt might provide. Looking forward we should expect to see additions being made to CG4 by the OpenAI organization itself. Individuals and enterprises are already able to submit their own fine tuning information and knowledge. The ability to increasingly fine tune the capabilities of CGR4 suggests the possibility of having individuals or teams that offer increasingly refined and targeted performance.
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Philosophes.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Orthodoxy, Heterodox, Heretics, Revisionists, Protestants, Orcs.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Cardinals, Bishops, Prelates, High Priests.</SPAN>'''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Guilds.</SPAN> ''''' Existing professional organizations are an outgrowth of medieval guilds. These were essentially trade specific collections who gradually articulated and promulgated standards and practices. Typical guilds were stone cutters and masons or woodworkers. Other skill groups emerged that were specific to metal working or such specialties as wheelwrights. Food storage became a valuable skills with the eventual development of coopers who were able to offer efficient wooden structures as barrels.
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Specialists: Alchemists, Sorcerers, Magicians, Wizards, Apprentices, Jesters.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Smiths, Masons, Wheelwrights, Coopers.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Mentats.</SPAN>''''' The sixties Frank Herbert novel Dune featured a range of humans with unique and exceptional skills. A significant capability were those humans who were trained to perform calculations of mathematics, logic and other tasks that would be considered only possible using a modern electronic computer. The infrastructure is already in place to approach this kind of skill. A user with a voice input capability and a mobile fone connection can connect to their dedicated cognitive prosthetic and query it verbally. By being able to query a cognitive prosthetic from any location means that a class of individuals may emerge that are adept at posing highly specific and exact queries to their cognitive prosthetic and offer responses in real time.
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Samurai, Ninjas, Ronin.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Katsas, Kidon, Sayanim.</SPAN>'''''
**'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Pied Pipers, Horse Whisperers, Snake Charmers, Jugglers, Chanteuses, Muses.</SPAN>''''' Social media and similar popular channels of information have shown the rise of individual known as ''influencers''. These are individuals who provide reliable impressions on specific topic areas. Common topic areas might involve cuisine, attire or leisure. Other more targeted areas such as legal or financial advice will become increasingly available.
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Gas.</SPAN>''''' Were we to collect sufficient quantities of atmospheric gas into a sealable container it would be possible to cool the gasses comprising earth's atmosphere into liquids. The idea of wetness, shape conformability and other properties of a liquid would suddenly become evident. Yet it would be difficult to adduce wetness if we never had experience with a liquids.<BR />
** Properties. {invisible, odorless, colorless, conformable, insensate};
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Liquid.</SPAN>''''' If one never had contact with the liquid state of H2O then properties as buoyancy, wetness, conformability (i.e. to the shape of a container, evaporation, discoloration and similar properties might be very difficult to imagine. It would be difficult if not even impossible to envision something that was otherwise undetectable because it was odorless, colorless and tasteless could somehow cause one's death by drowning. Yet were one to be plunged into a large enough body of water but not possess swimming skills one could very well die by drowning. <BR />
** Properties. {wet conformable immersive caloric sensate};
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Solid.</SPAN>''''' The process can be repeated. If we were to use water as a basis then we might discover another state of matter that water can exhibit. This is the state of ice. Many of us use this material (ice) to condition our beverages. That a heretofore wet liquid could become solid might also defy our ability to imagine it taking on solid form.  These all consist of the same substance, i.e. H2O. Yet properties found in one state, or phase bear little or no resemblance to those in the subsequent state. We should expect to see an evolution comparable happening in fast forward motion that is very comparable to "gas to liquid, liquid to solid". When DeepMind or CG4 are re-hosted in a quantum computing environment equally unimaginable capabilities will become the norm.<BR />
** Properties. {nonconformable textural firmness caloric}
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Synthesis.</SPAN>''''' A crucial insight to incorporate from this brief overview is that totally novel capabilities will manifest with the increased use of quantum-hosted artificial intelligence. What capabilities as may begin to arise can only be guessed at. The difficulty is rooted in the fact that there are few or no clues or hints from an existing state to suggest what the next state may offer. <BR />
Therefore  the imperative to advance the state of the art ex post haste is and will remain unremitting.
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IBM has made clear what its timeline prescribes. The team leading the charge to the high ground of quantum computing envision having devices ranging up into the hundreds of thousands or millions of qubits. What must become clear when viewing these numbers and ambitious plans is that computing as it has been known during the Moore's Law era will gradually fade much like an old black and white or sepia photograph from a century ago.<BR />
Other actors are moving vigorously in this same space. A major competitor in the quantum computing world is the Google Corporation (Alphabet) and D-Wave.
<BR />
Existing problems that involve multiple dimensions and numerous independent variables for their solution will become child's play for these new devices. Current reports indicate that minimizing noise and enhancing stability of the entanglement condition require continued refinement and improvement. As these advances continue the power of quantum computing will eventually approach then surpass even the most powerful classical computing systems.
<BR /><BR />
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==References==
'''''<Span Style="COLOR:BLUE; BACKGROUND:YELLOW">[https://arguably.io/Darwin2049/ChatGPT4/QuantumElements Quantum Computing Specifics]</SPAN>'''''
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*'''''Basic Elements.'''''
**'''''Hadamard Gates.'''''
**'''''Bloch Sphere.
**''''' <0 : 1> Bounded Solutions.'''''
**'''''Quantum Logic: AND OR NOR NAND XOR.'''''
**'''''Vector Space.
**'''''P/NP Complete Problems.'''''
**'''''Entanglement.'''''
**'''''Coherence and Error Correcting.'''''
**'''''Superposition.'''''
**'''''Quantum Problem Space.'''''
*'''''[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Quantum_algorithm Algorithms.]''''' (List of quantum algorithms);
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<!-- **'''''Shor's Algorithm.''''' -->
<!--
*'''''AI.'''''
**'''''[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Quantum_neural_network#Training Quantum Neural Network Training.]'''''
**'''''[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Quantum_machine_learning Machine Learning.]'''''
**'''''[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Quantum_neural_network#Quantum_associative_memory Quantum Associative Memory]'''''
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Uses<SPAN>'''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Encryption.<SPAN> '''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Drug Design.<SPAN> '''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Process Optimization.<SPAN> '''''
*'''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Artificial Intelligence.<SPAN>'''''
* '''''<SPAN STYLE="COLOR:BLUE">Shor's Algorithm - Some sources.<SPAN>'''''
-->
<!-- 2023.11.17: now... merge the above list with the one below and finish filling in the references, images and links; then push the reference stuff -->
<!-- onto a separate explanation page; also include a TOC at the top of the portal page;          -->
<!-- 2023.11.19: get the following two lists merged, combed and filled out in a coherent way;    -->
<!-- 2023.11.21: a lot of redundancy here - collapse out the redundant labels and entries        -->
<!-- 2023.11.21: make each salient entry structurally consistent: text, image, video; next topic; -->
<!--
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CytwIKt1P_0&ab_channel=devdeliw Basics ]''''' Overview and background historical context.
*'''''[https://newsroom.ibm.com/2022-11-09-IBM-Unveils-400-Qubit-Plus-Quantum-Processor-and-Next-Generation-IBM-Quantum-System-Two IBM Quantum System Two] - Osprey - 432 Q-Bit Device.'''''
-->
<!-- *'''''"[https://quantumzeitgeist.com/top-10-free-resources-for-quantum-computing/ Sand box:" Quantum Computing practice environments.]'''''  -->
<!--
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UlxHPIEVqA&ab_channel=DomainofScience Some Overview.]'''''
*'''''[https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/313959/visual-interpretation-on-the-bloch-sphere-when-hadamard-gate-is-applied-twice Hadamard Gates.]'''''
*'''''[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bloch_sphere Bloch Sphere.]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYGHS9hXgyw&ab_channel=PrettyMuchPhysics  Watch]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqWSziZJsLs&ab_channel=ProfessorNanoScience Bloch Sphere Coordinate Mapping]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-dIl1Y1aTs&ab_channel=mu-hoch-3 Simplified]'''''
*'''''{Zero:One} Bounded Solutions.'''''<BR />
*'''''Vector Space.'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozwodzD5bJM&ab_channel=Socratica Quantum computing uses vector spaces] to represent potential computational outcomes; an understanding Qu-bit values requires an understanding of values are represented at a quantum level.<BR />
*'''''P/NP Complete Problems.'''''<BR />
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nxIGNbcVKtA&ab_channel=Josh%27sChannel Entanglement.]'''''
*'''''[https://phys.org/news/2023-11-quantum-error-mitigation-prototype-coherent.html Coherence.]'''''
*'''''[https://atom-computing.com/quantum-startup-atom-computing-first-to-exceed-1000-qubits/ Crucial recent improvements (1000 Q-Bits).]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGNAEpVSp9M&ab_channel=BRIGHTSIDE Superposition.]'''''
*'''''Quantum Logic: AND OR NOR NAND XOR.'''''<BR />
*'''''Error Correcting.'''''<BR />
*'''''Quantum Problem Space.'''''<BR />
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/@quantumcomputing2985/videos Lots More]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/@quantum-soar/videos Algorithms.]'''''
*'''''Shor’s Algorithm.''''' Is a powerful  tool for factoring extremely large prime numbers. Quantum computers can collapse the time and effort required to factor large prime numbers. With the ability to factor large prime numbers it becomes possible to crack RSA encryption. <BR />
*'''''[https://kaustubhrakhade.medium.com/shors-factoring-algorithm-94a0796a13b1 Explained Simply.]'''''
*'''''[https://scottaaronson.blog/?p=208 Using simple mathematics.]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoKIWrpan6M&ab_channel=QuTechAcademy Shor’s Algorithm – illustrated.]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoKIWrpan6M&ab_channel=QuTechAcademy Step by step.]'''''
*'''''Grover’s Algorithm.''''' This is an algorithm developed in 1996 by Lov Grover. It leverages quantum computing to collapse the amount of time needed to perform a search of N unordered elements. Note that a crucial factor is that in performing the search for a specific element that meets a set of desired criteria, any evaluation of an element in the set yields no information about which other element in the set of N elements might help determine the desired one.
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEI5vYdcoQ4&ab_channel=QuantumComputing Somewhat abstruse video]''''' of how Grover’s Algorithm reduces search cost from N to N1/2.
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7MdEHsRZxvo&ab_channel=QuantumSoar Deutsch’s Algorithm.]'''''
-->
<!-- **'''''Deutsch.'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7MdEHsRZxvo&t=7s&ab_channel=QuantumSoar Deutsch's Algorithm]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYNAPof0OqE&ab_channel=DrWaku Uses]'''''
*'''''Encryption.'''''<BR />
*'''''Drug Design.''''' Designing novel molecular substances with extremely specific structures will become possible in unexpectedly short times.<BR />
*'''''Process Optimization'''''<BR />The Traveling Salesman problem is one that a quantum system can solve instantly. Extending this approach to optimizing new complex processes means that the most efficient process organizations will become instantly accessible.
*'''''AI.'''''Deep Learning systems will be profoundly impacted by quantum computing. Learning times will collapse.  <BR />
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CytwIKt1P_0&ab_channel=devdeliw DevLeliw]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uI02dn7PsHI&ab_channel=Qiskit Qiskit (IBM). Basic Idea]'''''
*'''''"[https://quantumzeitgeist.com/top-10-free-resources-for-quantum-computing/ Sand box:" Quantum Computing practice environments.]'''''
*'''''[https://www.youtube.com/@JoshsHandle/videos Useful Insights.]'''''
*'''''[https://www.amarchenkova.com/posts/5-quantum-algorithms-that-could-change-the-world Five very important quantum algorithms]'''''
-->

Revision as of 23:23, 11 December 2023


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